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Policarpa Salavarrieta (c. 1795 – 14 November 1817), also known as "La Pola," was a Neogranadine seamstress who spied for the Revolutionary Forces during the Spanish Reconquista of the Viceroyalty of New Granada. She was captured by Spanish Royalists and ultimately executed for high treason. She is now considered a heroine of the independence of Colombia. Because her birth certificate was never found, her legal given name is unknown. The name Salavarrieta is known only by the names her family and friends used. Her father referred to her as Apolonia in his will, which Salvador Contreras, the priest who formalized the testament on 13 December 1802, confirmed.〔Will of Joaquin Salavarrieta, to Doctor D. Salvador Contreras, Protocol of the 3rd Notary of Bogotá, scrivener Pedro Joaquín Maldonado, 1802, “Archivo General de la Nación”, folders 229v. to 231v and 289r to 291v.〕 She was closest to her brother, Viviano, as she became his caretaker when her parents died. When the armed forces in Guaduas started looking for her, she began calling herself Policarpa. In her 1817 forged passport, used to get in and out of Bogotá during the Reconquista, she appeared as "Gregoria Apolinaria." Andrea Ricaurte de Lozano, whom Policarpa lived with, and officially worked for in Bogotá, as well as Ambrosio Almeyda, a guerrilla leader to whom she supplied information, also called her by that name. Her contemporaries referred to her simply as "La Pola," but Policarpa Salavarrieta is the name by which she is remembered and commemorated. == Place and date of birth == La Pola's date and place of birth are also subject to conjecture in the absence of legal documents. The popular version is that she was born in the municipality of Guaduas, Cundinamarca, between 1790 and 1796. However Rafael Pombo affirmed that she had been born in Mariquita, while José Caicedo Rojas confirmed it as Bogotá. Her date and place of birth can be surmised from information available about her siblings which, curiously enough, were not lost. Her siblings were: *María Ignacia Clara, born in the San Miguel parish of Guaduas August 12, 1789 – 1802 *José María de los Ángeles, baptised in Guaduas on August 12, 1790 - became an Augustinian friar *Catarina, born in Guaduas, 1791 *Eduardo, born in Guaduas on November 3, 1792 – 1802 *Manuel, born in Guaduas on May 26, 1796 - also became an Augustinian friar *Francisco Antonio, baptised in the Santa Bárbara parish, Bogotá, 26 September 1798 *Ramón, confirmed in Bogotá in 1800 *Bibiano, baptised in Bogotá, 1801.〔Tome XII of the “Boletín de Historia y Antigüedades” Bulletin of History and Antiquities〕 Judging by these family records and the fact that Policarpa was born between her two religious brothers, she would appear to have been born between 1791 and 1796. The records also seem to indicate that the Salavarrieta family lived in Guaduas and moved to Bogotá after Manuel was born in 1796. In an attempt to reconcile the discrepancies the Colombian Academy of History gave its final ruling on September 10, 1991, in favour of Guaduas, Cundinamarca, as Policarpa's birthplace. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Policarpa Salavarrieta」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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